ASPO Abstracts

Prevalence of USPSTF Recommended Cancer Screenings Among Individuals Eligible for Lung Cancer Screening: An Analysis of the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey

Authors: Hirsch EA, Zahnd WE, Eberth JM, and Studts JL

Category: Early Detection & Risk Prediction
Conference Year: 2023

Abstract Body:
Introduction: Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low dose CT (LDCT) is the newest cancer screening modality recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), and currently remains largely underutilized with uptake rates <20% among eligible individuals. As LCS continues to be integrated into routine public health practice, it is important to understand the context of cancer screenings among LCS-eligible individuals. The purpose of this study was to quantify rates of USPSTF recommended cancer screenings (lung, colorectal, breast, cervical) among LCS-eligible individuals. Methods: Data from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey were used to estimate weighted percentages of being up-to-date with USPSTF recommended cancer screenings among all individuals eligible for LCS using 2013 USPSTF guidelines using the eight states who included the optional LCS module (Delaware, Maine, Maryland, New Jersey, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, West Virginia). Rates were additionally calculated separately for individuals compliant and non-compliant with LCS. Cancer screening eligibility was defined by USPSTF guideline variables available in the BRFSS, and rates were calculated using LCS-eligible subsets that matched screening eligibility (i.e., ages <75 for colorectal and <65 for cervical). Results: The study sample included 2,793 LCS-eligible individuals. Among these individuals, 16.5% of men and 20.2% of women, reported having a LDCT within the past 12 months. Comparatively, 63.0% of LCS-eligible men were up-to-date for colorectal screening, and 65.9%, 71.7%, and 60.4% of LCS-eligible women were up-to-date on colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screenings, respectively. Rates of being up-to-date for colorectal, breast, and cervical screenings were universally higher among women compliant with LCS compared to non-compliant with LCS, and significantly greater for colorectal screening among men compliant with LCS compared to non-compliant (84.5% vs. 58.9%, Wald p-value=0.003). Conclusions: Rates of colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screenings are higher than LCS among individuals eligible for LCS, highlighting important opportunities to improve LCS and subsequently reducing lung cancer mortality.

Keywords: Lung cancer screening Cancer screening rates