ASPO Abstracts
Lifestyle intervention reduces weight and preserves lean body mass in men on androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer
Category: Lifestyles Behavior, Energy Balance & Chemoprevention
Conference Year: 2021
Abstract Body:
Prostate cancer (Pca) is a leading cause of cancer mortality among American men. Pca
is an androgen driven disease, thus reducing circulating androgens through androgen
deprivation therapy (ADT) is an effective treatment for Pca. ADT has known adverse
effects including weight gain and decreased lean body mass. These factors increase the
risk of frailty, which is associated with poor prognosis. The Comprehensive Lifestyle
Improvement Program for Prostate Cancer (CLIPP) was a lifestyle intervention that
targeted weight reduction with diet and physical activity in men on ADT therapy. This
abstract investigates the effect of the CLIPP intervention on weight and lean body mass in
men on ADT for Pca. The CLIPP study was a single-arm, open-label clinical trial
conducted in 31 men diagnosed with Pca and prescribed ADT within the last five years.
The intervention, delivered by a trained health coach weekly for 16 weeks, consisted of a
low-fat diet, physical activity (10,000 daily step goal or 150 minutes of moderate exercise
a week) and supportive strategies such as stress management and sleep optimization.
This was followed by eight weeks of passive follow up resulting in a total trial duration of
24 weeks. Weight was measured at baseline and 24 weeks. Lean body mass was
determined by conducting dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and end of study.
Paired t-tests were used to compare mean values at baseline and end of study. A
statistically significant decrease in weight was observed between baseline and end of
study [mean (SD): 93.6 (16.5)kg vs. 86.8 (16.0)kg, p<0.001]. No statistically significant
change was observed between the baseline and end of study lean body mass for arm
[mean (SD), 6494.5 (1102.6)g vs. 6052.2 (886.8)g, p=0.214], leg [19412.2 (2394.4)g vs.
18543.3 (2698.4)g, p=0.459], trunk [26124.8 (2469.8)g vs. 25865.8 (2515.7)g, p=0.974]
and total body [55708.9 (5401.1)g vs. 54008.8 (5791.1)g, p= 0.540], respectively. In the
CLIPP study, lifestyle intervention was associated with reduced weight and preservation
of lean body mass in men on ADT for Pca. Given the association of weight and
decreased lean body mass with frailty, results from CLIPP provide insight regarding the
role of diet and physical activity in preventing frailty.
Keywords: Prostate Cancer, Androgen Deprivation Therapy, Lifestyle, Low-Fat Diet, Lean Mass