Financial Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening: An Analysis of Low-income, Underscreened Women in North Carolina

Authors: Biddell, C. Spees, L. Wheeler, S. Des Marais, A. Doughty, S. Hudgens, M. Brewer, N. Smith, J.

Category: Financial Hardship Associated with Cancer
Conference Year: 2020

Abstract Body:
Purpose: Perceived cost has been documented as a significant barrier to cervical cancer screening, particularly among medically under-served populations in which cervical cancer rates are highest. In the following analysis, we aim to deepen the understanding of perceived financial barriers – including direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect barriers – among low-income, uninsured and Medicaid-insured women who have not been screened for cervical cancer within the recommended interval. Methods: Data to be used in this analysis will be drawn from the baseline survey data of My Body, My Test Phase 3 (MBMT-3). MBMT-3 is a two-arm randomized controlled trial examining the effect of mailed HPV self-testing on cervical cancer screening among women rarely or never screened (N=600). Our outcomes included perceived financial barriers to cervical cancer screening including the following specific cost barriers: in-clinic screening, potential follow-up and treatment, transportation, child care, missed pay due to time off work. We will report the percentage of study participants reporting each type of cost barrier and subsequently conduct bivariate and multivariate analyses to identify socio-demographic characteristics associated with each perceived barrier. Results: Baseline data collection cleaning is currently being finalized; as such, analysis results are not yet available. Conclusions: We believe the results of this analysis will have important implications for future strategies to improve cervical cancer screening uptake among low-income, under-screened individuals. If findings show that participants report significant financial barriers to cervical cancer screening, particularly as a result of transportation and childcare costs, HPV self-sampling kits mailed to an individual’s home could potentially combat these barriers, thus increasing screening uptake. In contrast, barriers related to in-clinic costs among uninsured women could be avoided via Medicaid expansion or broader advertising for free screening programs, such as the North Carolina Breast and Cervical Cancer Control Program (NC BCCCP).

Keywords: Key words: cervical cancer; cancer screening; financial barriers; under- screened populations; health disparities