Health Equity and Access to the Health Care System in Minority and Rural Communities: Implementation of a Precision Population Health Strategy

Authors: Preston MA, Retnam R, Cadet DL, Hunley R, Sheppard VB

Category: Cancer Health Disparities
Conference Year: 2020

Abstract Body:
Purpose of the Study: Screen to Save (S2S) is an evidence-based national initiative recommended by the Blue Ribbon Panel for the Cancer Moonshot and endorsed by the National Cancer Advisory Board to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates in minority and rural areas. As part of the National Outreach Network (NON) Community Health Educators (CHE), this study examined knowledge of CRC screening guidelines and screening intent among high-risk populations. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to examine the role of the NON-CHE on CRC screening intent. Participant’s demographics, current knowledge of CRC screening guidelines, screening behaviors, and screening intent were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive and comparison analyses. A multivariate linear regression was fit to participant’s survey scores with age, race, gender, and education as covariates. All analyses were done in R 3.5.2. Results: The NON-CHE engaged 441 underserved residents in Virginia. Overall mean age was 46 years; mean age from 40+ was 67 years; and mean age for CRC screening age-eligible participants was 52 years (male: 57; female: 56). White participants had significantly higher test scores, correctly answering 1.94 (p=0.007) more questions on average, controlling for the effect of other included demographic variables. Participants who had some college or were college graduates had significantly higher test scores, correctly answering 1.65 (p=0.008) and 1.79 (p<0.001) more questions on average, respectively, controlling for the effect of other included demographic variables. Greater than 95% of participants agreed that S2S sessions impacted their intent to get screened for CRC. Conclusions: Equity of access to the health care system can be achieved with precision population health strategies (PPHS). The NON-CHE as a PPHS allows underserved populations entry into the health care system at earlier stages, considering intent to screen as a proxy for the health care system. The NON- CHE combined with S2S was used as a tool to engage minority and rural communities about the importance of CRC screening and found to impact participant’s intent to “Get Screened”. Such programs can assist in achieving the national initiative of screening 80% in Every Community.

Keywords: Equity of access, community health educator, precision population health