Logistic Regression for Cervical Cancer Risk Prediction for Haitian Women in South Florida

Authors: Moise RK, Balise R, Kobetz EK

Category: Cancer Health Disparities
Conference Year: 2020

Abstract Body:
Objective/Purpose: This study seeks to assess risk for cervical cancer in a sample of Haitian women living in South Florida, the largest U.S. enclave of Haitians. Methods: Extracted and merged from two studies, this sample includes N=346 at-risk Haitian women (ages 30-65 and unscreened in previous three years). To craft the most parsimonious model, data analysis included a manual hierarchal stepwise approach to Logisitic regression (LR) which allowed selection of variables by the PEN-3 Cultural Model and meaningfulness. Analyses focus on the association between screening history and predictors including immigration history, health care utilization patterns, and key sociodemographic variables. Results: The sample included women who were on average 46 years of age (interquartile range= 39, 53; median=46; SD=9.2) with 30.5 years spent in the U.S. (interquartile range= 8, 47; median=36; SD=20.4). Women displayed low levels of citizenship (23.1%), insurance (19.4%), access to routine care (22.0%), and employment (28.3%). Slightly more than half of the sample was married (56.1%) with less than high-school education (57.4%). Although none of the women adhered to U.S. recommendations of undergoing Pap smear screening every three years, approximately two thirds of the sample (N=226; 65.3%) had history of a previous Pap smear in general. The ultimate model was selected according to the PEN-3 Cultural Model and parsimony (AIC=367.5) with age, citizenship, access to routine care, and education as predictors. Ultimately, women reporting middle (OR=2.2, 95% CI= 1.17, 4.17) or older age (OR=1.96, 95% CI=.98, 3.94), U.S. citizenship (OR=4.11, 95% CI=1.83, 9.26), and access to routine care (OR=2.69, 95% CI= 1.26, 5.71) were most likely to report a previous history of Pap smear screening with a C-statistic of 73%. Discussion/Conclusion: Results highlight the importance of routine access to healthcare services in prevention and control of cervical cancer. Notably, reports of access to routine care outperformed insurance in analyses. Reports of non-citizenship were the strongest predictors of screening history in both bivariate and multivariate analyses. Additionally, results suggest women with recent immigration years are less likely to undergo screening. Immigrants

Keywords: systems thinking, women's health, health equity