Disparities in provider recommendations for HPV vaccination: the role of state and adolescent characteristics

Authors: Margolis, MA, Brewer, NT, Boynton, MH, Gilkey, MB

Category: Behavioral Science & Health Communication
Conference Year: 2020

Abstract Body:
Purpose HPV vaccination could prevent the majority of >34,000 HPV cancers diagnosed in the US each year. However, the percentage of parents who receive a provider recommendation to vaccinate varies dramatically by state, from 91% in Massachusetts to 60% in Mississippi. To understand these disparities, we examined state and adolescent characteristics associated with receipt of a provider recommendation for HPV vaccination. Methods Participants were a national probability sample of 20,949 parents who completed the 2017 National Immunization Survey-Teen about their 13- to 17-year-old children. Analyses also used data on states’ Vaccines for Children (VFC) programs that distribute free vaccines to all adolescents or limit eligibility based on need. We used unweighted multilevel logistic regression to examine how state-level characteristics (e.g., VFC program type) and adolescent characteristics predict receipt of a provider recommendation (yes/no). Results With respect to state characteristics, adolescents living in states with universal versus more limited VFC programs were more likely to have received a provider recommendation (78% vs. 71%; aOR:1.48; 95% CI:1.18:1.87). There was no association for state per capita income or state proportion of Black or Hispanic residents. With respect to family characteristics, adolescents were more likely to have had a recommendation if they had a recent doctors’ visit (74% vs. 61%; aOR:1.61; 95% CI:1.47:1.76) or saw a provider who participated in the VFC program (73% vs. 71%; aOR:1.17; 95% CI:1.08:1.28). Receiving a provider recommendation was also associated with the following adolescent characteristics: being female, being Non-Hispanic White, lower maternal education, lower household income, and private insurance. No effect was observed for race (Black vs. White). Conclusions Findings suggest that generous VFC programs may support recommendations for HPV vaccination, but adolescents of lower socioeconomic status less often receive recommendations. These findings can offer insight into state-based disparities in HPV vaccine recommendations, while also helping to target interventions to improve provider recommendations. Funded by CDC grant #3U48DP005017-03S6 and NCI grant #T32CA057726

Keywords: HPV Cancer Prevention Health Disparities