Psychological Distress and Immune Alterations in Patients with Indolent B-cell-derived Neoplasms

Authors: Fang CY, MacFarlane AW, Svoboda J, Cohen AD, Khan N, Barta S, Handorf EA, Fung HC, Nasta SD, Landsburg D, Fisher RI, Vogl DT, Garfall AL, LaRatta N, Campbell KS

Category: Survivorship & Health Outcomes/Comparative Effectiveness Research
Conference Year: 2020

Abstract Body:
Purpose: Some subtypes of leukemias, lymphomas, and myelomas are slow-growing a and can be clinically managed with surveillance until symptoms emerge; however, many p patients report elevated levels of distress and worry during the surveillance phase. P Psychological distress may have clinical implications given that natural killer (NK) and T c cells are not only sensitive to distress, but also critical in controlling disease progression. T Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine associations between psychological and i immune factors in patients with indolent blood cell cancer being managed with s surveillance. Methods: 227 patients diagnosed with low-grade B-cell-derived neoplasms not requiring immediate therapy were enrolled. At study entry, participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and provided a blood sample for immune phenotyping using multiparametric flow cytometry (up to 12-color). Biomarkers of a activation, viability, proliferation, and exhaustion were assessed on subsets of T, NK, and m myeloid cells, and the percentage of cells staining for individual biomarkers were d determined. Immunophenotyping has been completed for the first 115 patients enrolled ( (62 males; mean age = 64.3 years) and are presented below. Results: Spearman correlation analyses revealed that higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with greater % of classical (CD14++CD16-) monocytes, the subgroup that produces IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, is highly phagocytic, and expresses proliferative/anti-apoptotic genes (p < 0.02); but negatively associated with % of non-classical (CD14+CD16+) monocytes, the subgroup that produces TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, exhibits “patrolling” behavior and has anti-proliferative/pro-apoptotic properties ( (p < 0.01). Higher anxiety and depressive symptoms were also associated with lower NK c cell viability in blood (p ≤ 0.04). Conclusion: In patients with indolent blood cell cancer, psychological distress is associated with altered immune function, notably differential patterns of monocyte distribution and greater susceptibility of NK cells to activation-induced apoptosis. These findings may have direct translational relevance and enable the early identification of patients at-risk for disease progression and poor outcomes.

Keywords: Distress, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, watch Hodgkin lymphoma, watch-and and-wait, NK cells