Assessing a Culinary Medicine Program to Increase Healthy Eating among Cancer Survivors and Their Caregivers

Authors: James JM, Brumfield N, Wilson G, Lowman J, Bolton L, Pierce JY

Category: Lifestyles Behavior, Energy Balance & Chemoprevention
Conference Year: 2020

Abstract Body:
Purpose This pilot project aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 6-week culinary medicine program among adult cancer survivors, their caregivers, and primary care patients in Alabama by assessing participants’ nutrition knowledge, beliefs and self-reported dietary habits. Methods Participants completed a culinary medicine program (Health Meets Food™ curriculum) consisting of six, 2-hour weekly sessions combining a 30-minute didactic nutrition lesson with 1.5-hours of hands-on cooking. Didactic sessions covered primary components and benefits of the Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, nutrition labels, and portion sizes. Participants (N=16) completed a 50-question survey assessing dietary knowledge, self-reported weekly diet, and cooking behaviors at baseline and 6-weeks post-program. Results The majority of participants were between 55-74 years of age (93.8%), female (87.5%), non-Hispanic White (68.8%) and overweight or obese (62.5%). Overall program attendance was 82.0%. Positive changes were observed between pre- and post-program for: cooking/helping cook a meal ≥5 times per week (50.0% vs. 68.8%); preparing meals at home including breakfast (53.3% vs. 75.0%), lunch (50.0% vs. 75.0%), and dinner (37.5% vs. 73.3%); and using nutrition labels to make food choices (43.8% vs. 62.5%). Also, 18.8% of participants reported never eating sweet snack foods in the previous week at baseline compared to 37.5% post-program. At baseline, no participants reported having knowledge of the Mediterranean or DASH diets and associated health effects compared with 75.0% and 56.3% who reported being knowledgeable or very knowledgeable of these, respectively, post-program. Individuals’ dietary habits improved post-program, with those reporting poor or fair overall eating habits decreasing from 31.3% to 6.7%. Conclusions Findings from this pilot project demonstrate the potential effectiveness of a culinary medicine program as an educational and behavioral intervention to increase healthy eating behaviors in cancer survivors, their caregivers, and primary care patients. Further research is needed to determine the sustainability of these behavioral modifications, generalizability of the program, and potential improvements of metabolic indices.

Keywords: culinary medicine; cancer survivors