ASPO Abstracts
Smokers’ engagement with phone-based cessation and basic needs interventions: A preliminary analysis
Category: Behavioral Science & Health Communication
Conference Year: 2019
Abstract Body:
PURPOSE: A preliminary analysis of an ongoing 2x2 RCT to evaluate uptake of two interventions (Tobacco Quitline, Basic Needs Navigation) for low income smokers and identify differences in sample characteristics that explain any differential uptake in the phone-based interventions. METHODS: Baseline correlates of calls completed by 3 month follow up (end of intervention period) were examined for an initial sample of 587 participants. Everyone was assigned to a tobacco quitline program; 288 of those also were assigned to a Basic Needs Navigator. Navigators help resolve unmet needs (food, housing, utilities, etc). The Missouri quitline program involves 4 coaching sessions plus unlimited participant-initiated calls. Navigation calls were unlimited and initiated by either party, but usually weekly or bimonthly. Bivariate and multivariable analyses examined sociodemographic, smoking, and health correlates.RESULTS: Seventy percent of participants took at least one quitline coaching call; 40% took 2 or more (Mean=1.51, SD=1.48; Range 0-7). Of those assigned to navigation, 87.5% took at least one call; 78.5% took 2 or more (Mean=3.82, SD=2.71; range 0-13). Bivariate results showed that more quitline calls were taken by older adults, Black or White smokers vs. other race, unemployed, with kids living at home, without any chronic conditions, and those with greater dependence, years of smoking, prior quits and use of NRT. In multivariable analysis, only smoking variables remained significant. Bivariate results showed that more navigation calls were taken by older, Black vs. White adults, with higher income, who allowed smoking in the home, and greater years of smoking, previous quitline use, and chronic conditions. Multivariable results showed that only years smoked and chronic disease remained significant.CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with cessation motives, smoking and health variables remained significant correlates of intervention engagement. Having more chronic conditions may motivate smokers to engage in quit counseling but require less navigation if they receive similar assistance through case management programs. Future analyses with the full sample will examine interactions between study groups and effects of engagement (dose) on cessation at 6 month follow up.
Keywords: smoking cessation, socioeconomic status, phone-based intervention