ASPO Abstracts
Exploring the Effects of a High Chlorophyll Dietary Intervention to Reduce Colon Cancer Risk in Adults: The Meat and Three Greens (M3G) Feasibility Trial
Category: Lifestyles Behavior, Energy Balance & Chemoprevention
Conference Year: 2019
Abstract Body:
Purpose: Preclinical and epidemiological observations suggest green leafy vegetables (GLV)may reduce the risk of red meat (RM) induced colonic DNA damage and colon cancer (CC). We sought to determinethe feasibility of a high GLV dietary intervention in adults with increased risk of CC (NCT03582306).Methods: This was a 12-week randomized controlled crossover trial. Eligibility criteriaincluded body mass index (BMI) greater than 30kg/m2, habitual intake of 5+ servings RM and <2 servings GLV perweek, and ability to store/cook frozen GLV. Exclusion criteria included previous diagnosis of CC and use ofantibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, or commercial probiotics within the past 4 weeks. Participantswere stratified by gender and randomized to 2 arms: immediate or delayed (post-4-week washout) intervention.During the 4-week intervention period, participants were provided with frozen GLV and counseled to consume 1cooked cup equivalent daily. The primary outcomes were: accrual–recruiting 50 adults in 9 months;retention–retaining 90% of the sample at crossover and 80% at completion; and adherence–meeting GLV/chlorophyllintake goals 90% of days. Adherence data were collected for the previous three days twice weekly. At each of 4study visits, anthropometrics, stool, saliva, and blood were obtained, as well as surveys assessingphysical activity and diet acceptability.Results: Fifty adults were recruited in 44 days. Participants were 48±13 years of age, 62%female, 80% Caucasian, with average BMI at screening of 35.9±5.1. One participant withdrew consent dueto aggravation of diverticulitis, and one was lost-to-follow-up after illness, both in the immediate group.To date, 34 participants have completed the study and all remaining participants (n=48, 96%) have been retained throughthe crossover period. During the intervention phase, participants have consumed some GLV 88.4% of days, thoughthe adherence goal of 1 cup was met 73.6% of days. Conclusions: This 12-week crossover RCT aimed to increase GLV consumption has met 2 of 3feasibility targets to date. Analysis of biological specimens will determine the effects of GLV on gutmicrobiota, oxidative DNA damage, and inflammatory cytokines.
Keywords: chemoprevention,colon cancer, diet